How to Pronounce Sumatra

Meaning and Context

Sumatra, the sixth-largest island in the world, is a colossal and culturally rich landmass forming the westernmost major island of the Indonesian archipelago. Renowned for its staggering natural beauty and biodiversity, the island's landscape is dominated by the volcanic Barisan Mountain range, lush tropical rainforests—including those of the UNESCO-listed Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra—and vast plantations of palm oil and rubber. This island is a critical habitat for critically endangered species like the Sumatran tiger, orangutan, rhinoceros, and elephant, making it a premier destination for eco-tourism and wildlife conservation. Its history is deeply intertwined with ancient maritime trade routes, evidenced by the historical Srivijaya and later the Sultanate of Aceh, and it possesses a vibrant tapestry of ethnic groups, including the Batak, Minangkabau, and Acehnese, each with distinct traditions, culinary heritage, and architectural styles like the iconic Rumah Gadang. Key economic drivers include the export of Sumatran coffee, particularly from the Gayo Highlands, and its significant reserves of natural resources.

Common Mistakes and Alternative Spellings

The primary spelling "Sumatra" is standard in English and is derived from the Sanskrit name "Swarnadwīpa" (Island of Gold). A common historical variant is "Sumatera," which is the official Indonesian spelling and is sometimes encountered in English-language texts, particularly those with a direct Indonesian context. Frequent misspellings and typos include "Sumarta" (substituting 'r' for the second 't'), "Sumantra" (erroneously inserting an 'n'), and "Samatra" (beginning with 'Sa' instead of 'Su'). The demonym "Sumatran" is sometimes misspelled as "Sumatranian" or "Sumatranese," which are incorrect; the proper terms are simply "Sumatran" for people and things from the island, or the more specific ethnic identifiers like "Batak" or "Acehnese."

Example Sentences

The dense, mist-shrouded jungles of Sumatra are one of the last places on Earth where the critically endangered Sumatran orangutan can be found in the wild.

Many travelers begin their Sumatran adventure in the bustling city of Medan before journeying to see the stunning volcanic crater lake of Lake Toba, the largest of its kind in the world.

The production of sustainable, shade-grown Sumatran coffee has become an important initiative for supporting local farmers while preserving the island's fragile ecosystems.

Historically, the Strait of Malacca along Sumatra's northeastern coast served as a vital maritime corridor for spice trade between India and China.

The distinctive sound of gamelan music and the taste of rich, spicy rendang are integral parts of the cultural experience when visiting West Sumatra.

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